Wedding Dress Codes: A Guest's Guide to Every Type of Attire

Shortly after you RSVP to attend a wedding, you'll need to start thinking about what to wear. While most wedding invitations include the preferred wedding dress codes, it might be hard to decipher exactly what types of wedding attire the to-be-weds envision. Did they ask for dressy casual rehearsal dinner attire but white tie for the wedding? We get it—wedding attire codes can be complicated. Plus, with the rise of creative wedding guest attire suggestions (like "whimsical garden party" or "tropical formal"), you might be stumped when it comes to interpreting what the prescribed wedding dress code means. And while more wedding dress code clues can often be found on the couple's wedding website, choosing what to wear isn't always easy. That's where we come in.

Ahead, you'll find a definitive guide to all the most popular wedding attire categories, ranked from from most formal to least formal. With the help of industry experts, we're breaking down what each one means, along with specific examples of what to wear—think everything from wedding guest dresses to nonbinary wedding outfits. Plus, you'll find tips on what to wear to a wedding by venue (Yes, it matters!) and tips on all kinds of cultural wedding attire. Bookmark this guide, and you'll never have to wonder what not to wear to a wedding again.

In this article:

• Wedding dress codes to know: White-Tie Attire | Black-Tie Attire | Black-Tie-Optional Attire | Formal Attire | Cocktail Attire | Semi-Formal Attire | Dressy Casual Attire | Casual Attire | Daytime Attire | Rustic, Western and Country Attire | Festive Attire
• Additional dress code guidance: By Season | By Location | By Culture

White-Tie Attire

Photo: Boris Zaretsky Photography

White-tie wedding attire is the most formal of all the different wedding dress codes. Also called full dress, white-tie attire is often reserved for elegant events like state dinners, royal banquets and very formal weddings. While white-tie weddings aren't one of the most common types of attire today, it is important to dress appropriately if you're invited to one. White-tie wedding attire for men includes a long and dark tuxedo tailcoat with fabric extensions (known as "tails") that reach to the back of the knee. A white piqué button-down shirt should be worn under a white vest with a bow tie and a cummerbund. Pants should match the color and fabric of the jacket, and white-tie trousers often include a satin or grosgrain stripe along the outer seams.

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As for women, a formal dress is a must for this attire suggestion. An evening gown with a full-length A-line or sheath silhouette is appropriate, though you could also consider a floor-length ball gown depending on the formality of the venue. If you are attending a white-tie wedding, this is your chance to accessorize with glittering jewels, sleek dress shoes and elbow-length white silk gloves.

Black-Tie Attire

Photo: Nikki Daskalakis

Following white-tie attire, a black-tie wedding dress code is the next most formal wedding attire category. Black-tie weddings often take place later in the day, and they require formal outfits. "Traditionally, black-tie weddings happen after 5:30 or 6:00 p.m.," explains Virginia-based wedding style expert Monte Durham. "Black tie means just that: Expect to see tuxedos with black bow ties, a simple long black tie or even a long string tie. Formal gowns are also expected, and they should touch the ground or the top of the shoes." It's important to note that black-tie wedding attire is one of the stricter dress codes for weddings, with little room for interpretation. "Black-tie requires a tuxedo—not a black suit, and definitely not suit separates," explains Jian DeLeon, men's fashion director at Nordstrom. "You don't have to wear full tails and a cummerbund, but today there are plenty of great formal options for any budget."

Attending a wedding with a black-tie dress code is a great opportunity to dress up your outfit with accessories too. "Cufflinks on French cuffs are a great way to enhance any tuxedo," explains Andrew Roberts, CEO of luxury formalwear brand Del Toro. And, for women, you can't go wrong with pieces that add sparkle to your black-tie wedding guest dress. "Refined jewelry like pearls or diamonds are the best options to dress up an evening gown," explains fashion expert Ranu Coleman, former VP of brand marketing for wedding fashion brand Azazie.

Black-Tie-Optional Attire

Photo: Katelyn Priscoe Photography

If your wedding invitation says "black-tie optional" for the dress code, you might be confused as to whether or not you actually need to wear a black-tie wedding outfit. Think of black-tie-optional guest attire as a fusion between black-tie and formal fashion. You can wear a tuxedo or a floor-length evening gown if you want, but a dark suit with dress pants and nice loafers would be acceptable too. Similarly, a knee-length or midi cocktail dress would also be appropriate instead of a floor-length gown as attire for the wedding.

The time of day the event is taking place can also be a helpful indicator of what the wedding dress code means. Evening weddings often indicate more formal wedding attires. In that case, you might consider an outfit that feels a little more upscale. Or, for a black-tie optional wedding in the early afternoon, it's perfectly appropriate to trade the tuxedo or evening gown for something on the less formal end of the black-tie spectrum.

Formal Attire

Photo: Nikki Daskalakis

One of the most popular wedding dress codes is formal attire. And, while you might see this wedding attire wording on a lot of invitations that land in your mailbox, that doesn't make it any easier to decide what to wear to a formal wedding. "A formal wedding dress code is slightly less formal than a black-tie event, and in general, it tends to have fewer specifications," says Coleman. "Women can get away with a nicer cocktail dress, and for men, tuxedos are not required."

So, with less guidance, what wedding attire for guests is appropriate for a formal dress code? Durham, who also appears on TLC's Say Yes to the Dress: Atlanta, encourages guests to start with the basics. "A formal wedding might include a jacket and tie or a traditional suit," he suggests. "An elegant dress or a nice pantsuit would also be appropriate."

If you're confused about what's appropriate when it comes to formal wedding attire, you can never be too overdressed. When in doubt, a dark, well-tailored suit or a floor-length formal wedding guest dress are safe choices. But if you're feeling adventurous, you can experiment with trendy jumpsuits, a suit with a colorful jacket or bold accessories. As you're choosing what to wear to a formal wedding, remember that erring on the side of caution with a more formal look is always a safe choice.

Cocktail Attire

Photo: Logan Cole Photography

When it comes to cocktail wedding attire, guests have more flexibility with hemlines, colors and patterns. "The phrase 'cocktail' comes from the 1950s," Durham explains. "This style requires a formal dress with a shorter hemline. It might also be accented with jewelry or a nicer pair of shoes—embellishment is key for a cocktail dress code."

Since cocktail wedding attire is slightly less formal than black-tie and black-tie optional attire (it falls somewhere between semi-formal to formal wedding attire), tuxes and floor-length gowns are not required. (However, you can always opt for longer skirts or formal jackets if you'd like, which are popular choices for winter wedding attire.) When it comes to deciding what to wear to a cocktail wedding, a suit and tie with a crisp black or white shirt and dress pants is a no-fail choice. You can also wear a short cocktail wedding guest dress as long as it falls on the more formal side, or an elegant jumpsuit with jewelry.

Semi-Formal Attire

Photo: Melia Lucida

Semi-formal wedding attire may seem like one of the trickier wedding guest dress codes to nail. And, since cocktail and semi-formal wedding attire can sometimes be used interchangeably, you might feel confused when it's time to pick an outfit. "Semi-formal falls in the gray area between casual and formal," says Coleman. "However, cocktail attire tends to be a little more dressy than semi-formal." So, what do you wear to a semi-formal wedding? "Some ideas include a midi dress, a chic jumpsuit, or a wrap dress," Coleman continues. "For cocktail attire, stick to a structured dress or a sleek black dress—you can never go wrong with an LBD."

Embellishments and additional features on an outfit can also help differentiate cocktail attire from semi-formal wedding attire. "A dress for a semi-formal wedding might not include any sort of beading or statement accessories," says Durham. "A suit and tie are also appropriate."

Dressy Casual Attire

Photo: Ashley Cox Photography

In recent years, the phrase "dressy casual" has risen in popularity for wedding dress codes. Think of dressy casual wedding attire wording as a spin on business casual. Dressy casual wedding attire is most closely related to semi-formal attire, and should be interpreted appropriately. Depending on the time of the event, choose an outfit that falls in between formal and casual. It's encouraged to wear darker, more formal hues for an evening fete, while light colors and fabrics would be appropriate for a daytime wedding.

Casual Attire

Photo: Chellise Michael Photography

You might be tempted to think that a casual dress code means anything goes, but that's not necessarily the case. Casual wedding attire is one of the most relaxed out of all the dress code wording examples on this list, but it's important to remember that a wedding is still a formal event, after all, so there are some rules to keep in mind. "With the rise of backyard weddings, casual dress codes are common," Durham says. "But it's important to remember that a wedding requires a certain kind of outfit."

When you're choosing what to wear to a casual wedding as a guest, use business casual outfit ideas as a guide. "You can never go wrong with a navy blazer, a blue button-down shirt or khaki pants," Durham advises. "This will take you a long way. The minute you put on a tie and a pocket square, you will look fully dressed. Similarly, you can always opt for a dress with a nice neckline and simple accessories. Consider swapping sandals for a pump heel to dress it up more." Coleman goes on to explain this dress code by adding that, "for women, I recommend wearing a sundress, a high-low dress or a jumpsuit."

Daytime Attire

Photo: Suzanne Rothmeyer Photography

Similar to casual weddings, a daytime wedding dress code also comes with more flexibility in terms of experimenting with trendy colors, patterns and fabrics. So, if you're feeling up for it, you can opt for a wedding guest outfit that you wouldn't normally wear. "Semi-formal and casual occasions come with a little more freedom in what you wear," explains DeLeon. "Avoid pinstripes in favor of a solid color or a less business-oriented pattern like glen plaid, houndstooth, or windowpane. And, while a classic navy or dark charcoal gray suit will suffice, consider switching up the shirt and tie for a floral camp shirt or knit polo instead." Even with more flexibility, though, Durham notes that there are a few wedding dress code rules to abide by. "Shorts, running gear and tennis shoes should be off-limits for a daytime wedding."

Rustic, Western and Country Attire

Photo: Kelly Hornberger Photography

Country and Western weddings have recently entered the wedding attire chat. Whether you're attending a wedding in an open field, a barn or just a romantic, rustic-themed affair, this wedding style may be more relaxed, but that doesn't mean you should be wearing shorts and sneakers either. It's the perfect opportunity for flowy dresses, breezy fabrics and earthy tones that would look so cute with a pair of cowboy boots. There's even a rise in boho-inspired elements in Western-inspired attire that you can find at retailers like Anthropologie and Reformation if that's more your style. "Eager to wear denim to a wedding? Western weddings are your best, and possibly only, chance to don jeans for a wedding," advises Hannah Nowack, The Knot Senior Weddings Editor. "Beyond standard jeans you can also get creative with how you opt for denim. What about a Canadian tux (denim shirt and denim bottoms)? Or even just a denim shirt finished off with cowboy boots." I'll tip my hat to that.

Festive Attire

Photo: Nikki Daskalakis

Whether the invitation says "festive cocktail," "festive formal" or "festive black tie," one thing remains the same when it comes to all festive wedding attire types: You've got a lot more freedom than usual. If the wedding is on December 31, for example, take that as your cue to don all the sparkles, sequins and chic fabrics your heart desires for a showstopping New Year's Eve wedding outfit. If it's taking place around Christmastime, then yes—you can absolutely wear red. Wondering if it's acceptable to wear a costume to a wedding? For a Halloween wedding outfit where festive attire is requested, it sure is.

Seasonal Wedding Attire

Photo: Divine Day Photography

There are venues, dates and weather conditions where certain attire conclusions can be made. Take a winter wedding at an outdoor venue in the mountains, for example. You may be wondering what to wear over a dress, especially if the dress code falls on the more formal side. While the invitation may not explicitly say so, it's likely that a chic faux fur wrap or wool coat will very much be the vibe (and keep you warm). What colors to wear as a guest will also change seasonally. In the spring and summer, you can generally lean into lighter and brighter hues, while fall and winter lend themselves well to jewel tones and deep neutrals. Use the time of year as a guide when browsing wedding guest attire ideas in order to dress appropriately and practically.

Learn what to wear for every wedding season:

• Spring Wedding Attire
• Summer Wedding Attire
• Fall Wedding Attire
• Winter Wedding Attire

What to Wear to a Wedding by Location

While the wedding dress code may be listed on the invitation to give you a better idea of style, there is another clue to help you pick out the perfect fit: the venue. Different locations and destinations call for different attire categories to match the vibe. What you wear to a Key West wedding is much more casual than what you'd wear to a French Chateau. Don't worry; I've got your back. Below is a list of our wedding guest attire guides based on some popular wedding venues to make shopping a little less stressful.

Backyard Wedding Attire

Backyard weddings are super trendy at the moment, and so is the dress code. Regardless of whether it's a Father of the Bride–formal fete or a laidback spring affair, still plan for lightweight fabrics, midi dresses or slacks with a button-up shirt. Oh, and be sure to check your footwear before you head outside, backyard weddings could mean uneven grass, so opt for block heels, loafers and sandals with sturdy soles

Photo: Steph G. Bishop

Barn Wedding Attire

For those attending a barn wedding, cotton mini dresses, bold patterns and dusty earth tones are the vibe. Aim for casual elegance that will look good from the ceremony to line dancing under the stars. And yes, it's also a great opp to dust off your favorite cowboy hat and boots that normally wouldn't work for a formal wedding.

Photo: Ruét Photo

Beach Wedding Attire

Beach weddings are comin' in hot (literally). Consider this your sign to ditch the heavy gowns and formal tuxedos for breezy linen button-downs and flowy maxi dresses. If the wedding is directly on the beach, you may want to wear a sandal or shoe you can easily take off so you can put your toe in the sand while walking to and from the ceremony.

Photo: Julia K.

Castle Wedding Attire

Attending a castle wedding is the dream. If you are so lucky to receive an invite, take me as your plus one first of all. Second, expect the dress code to range from formal to black-tie attire. This could also be one of the few types of weddings that require white-tie attire. Plan on dressing your best with a tuxedo and floor-length gown. (Did I mention this may be a great time to channel your inner Bridgerton?)

Photo: Studio Brown

Country Club Wedding Attire

Country club settings are typically filled with manicured lawns and elegant reception spaces, so be prepared to elevate your wedding guest game with classy-yet-stylish wedding attire. You can't go wrong with a classic suit and tie or a midi- or floor-length dress with a pair of strappy heels. Oh, and don't be afraid to get preppy with it.

Photo: Tamara Gruner Photography

Courthouse Wedding Attire

Courthouse weddings are the moment right now. And you'll want to match that city-chic energy with your attire. While it is a civil ceremony, the location requires a look that is a bit more formal than dressy casual. TL;DR: A sports coat and slacks, a dressier sundress or a sophisticated jumpsuit were made for this setting.

Photo: Apollo Fotografie

Destination Wedding Attire

We all want to step off the plane to our bestie's destination wedding in style. However, the destination can play a big role in the attire you pack in your carry-on. You could be headed to a destination wedding in tropical Tulum or the snowy Colorado mountains. There are a few questions you'll want to ask yourself before you jet off, and luckily we thought of them for you.

Photo: Madeleine Collins Photography

Mountain Chic Wedding Attire

A mountain chic wedding dress code is the perfect opportunity to have a little fun with your look. Unless stated otherwise (e.g. formal attire with an aprés-ski mountain-chalet vibe), this dress code usually leans toward a semi-formal or dressy casual vibe. Reach for flowy silhouettes, earthy tones and on-theme accessories like a statement belt, cowboy hat or boots.

Photo: Kelly Hornberger

Outdoor Wedding Attire

While the specific formality of outdoor attire for a wedding can vary, there are some general sartorial rules you can keep in mind. Whether the invitation says "garden formal" or "beach cocktail," you'll generally want to lean into seasonally appropriate fabrics (think linen and cotton for summer or velvet for winter) and sensible shoes for walking on grass, sand or other uneven terrain.

Photo: Twah Dougherty Photography

Vineyard Wedding Attire

Lush vines, incredible views and some delicious vino are the ingredients for an incredible winery wedding. Whether you're attending nuptials in Napa Valley or Tuscany, the wedding dress code will likely fall between semi-formal cocktail attire and formal attire. Keep your color palette neutral and let your accessories do the talking (A glass of bubbly counts, right?).

Photo: Jana Williams Photography

Cultural Wedding Attire

If you're struggling with what to wear to a wedding based on cultural traditions, you're not alone. You want to be both respectful and stylish. To do so, it's very important that you do your research in advance, as different cultures have different guidelines for what is appropriate. If you are hesitant about whether something is okay to wear, take a look at the attire guides below for direction.

Check out our cultural attire guides:

• Catholic Wedding Attire
• Indian Wedding Attire
• Jewish Wedding Attire
• Mormon Wedding Attire
• Muslim Wedding Attire

Additional reporting by Sarah Hanlon, Kate Boswell, Sofia Deeb and Hannah Nowack.